| 1 | Rasio Gaji CEO (CEO Pay Ratio) | CEO Pay Ratio | \[ \frac{\text{Kompensasi Total CEO}}{\text{Median Kompensas... | |
| 2 | Aset Digital / Kripto | Digital Asset Holdings | \[ \frac{\text{Nilai Tercatat Aset Digital}}{\text{Total Ase... | |
| 3 | Kepemilikan Keluarga (%) | Family Ownership | \[ \frac{\text{Total Saham Dimiliki Keluarga Pendiri}}{\text... | |
| 4 | Rasio Kredit UMKM | SME Loans Ratio | \[ \frac{\text{Kredit UMKM}}{\text{Total Kredit}} \]... | |
| 5 | State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) | SOE Dummy | \[ \text{1 jika mayoritas saham dimiliki pemerintah, 0 sebal... | |
| 6 | Pengungkapan Transformasi Digital | Digital Transformation | \[ \text{Jumlah penyebutan kata kunci digital (AI, Cloud, Bi... | |
| 7 | Likuiditas (Current Ratio) | Current Ratio (CR) | \[ \text{\text{CR} = \frac{\text{Aset Lancar}}{\text{Liabili... | |
| 8 | Struktur Modal / Leverage (DER) | Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) | \[ \text{\text{DER} = \frac{\text{Total Liabilitas}}{\text{T... | |
| 9 | Profitabilitas Operasional (NPM) | Net Profit Margin (NPM) | \[ \frac{\text{\text{NPM} = \frac{\text{Laba Bersih}}{\text{... | |
| 10 | Ketepatan Waktu (Audit Delay) | Audit Delay (Hari) | \[ \text{\text{Audit Delay} = \text{Tanggal Laporan Audit} -... | |
| 11 | Perputaran Persediaan (Inventory Turnover) | Inventory Turnover Ratio | \[ \text{\text{Inventory Turnover} = \frac{\text{Beban Pokok... | |
| 12 | Belanja Modal (CAPEX) | Capital Expenditure (Total Pembelian Aset Tetap) | \[ \text{\text{CAPEX} = \Delta \text{Aset Tetap Bersih} + \t... | |
| 13 | Reputasi Penjamin Emisi (Underwriter) | Variabel Dummy (Top Tier = 1, Non-Top = 0) | \[ \text{\text{REP} = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{Top 10 Underwr... | |
| 14 | Koneksi Politik | Variabel Dummy (Terkoneksi = 1, Tidak = 0) | \[ \text{\text{POL} = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{Ada pejabat/po... | |
| 15 | Return on Assets (ROA) | ROA (Persentase) | \[ \text{\text{ROA} = \frac{\text{Laba Bersih}}{\text{Total ... | |
| 16 | Firm Size (Ukuran Perusahaan) | Ln(Total Aset) | \[ \text{\text{SIZE} = \ln(\text{Total Aset})} \]... | |
| 17 | Pertumbuhan Penjualan (Sales Growth) | Sales Growth (%) | \[ \text{\text{Growth} = \frac{\text{Sales}_t - \text{Sales}... | |
| 18 | Arus Kas Operasi (Operating Cash Flow) | AKO dibagi Total Aset | \[ \text{\text{OCF Ratio} = \frac{\text{Arus Kas dari Operas... | |
| 19 | Kualitas Audit (Big 4 Auditor) | Dummy (1 = Big 4, 0 = Non Big 4) | \[ \text{\text{Big4} = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{PwC, EY, Delo... | |
| 20 | Ukuran Dewan Komisaris (Board Size) | Jumlah Anggota Dewan Komisaris | \[ \text{\text{Board Size} = \text{Total Individu dalam Dewa... | |
| 21 | Proporsi Komisaris Independen | Komisaris Independen (%) | \[ \text{\text{Komisaris Indep} = \frac{\text{Jumlah Komisar... | |
| 22 | Keberagaman Gender (Gender Diversity) | Dummy Direktur Wanita | \[ \text{\text{Gender} = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{Ada Direktu... | |
| 23 | Penghindaran Pajak (Tax Avoidance) | Cash Effective Tax Rate (CETR) | \[ \text{\text{CETR} = \frac{\text{Pembayaran Pajak Kas}}{\t... | |
| 24 | Deteksi Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan | Beneish M-Score | \[ \text{\text{M-Score} = -4.84 + 0.920 (\text{DSRI}) + 0.52... | |
| 25 | Prediksi Kebangkrutan Alternatif | Zmijewski (X-Score) | \[ \text{\text{X-Score} = -4.3 - 4.5 \left( \frac{\text{Laba... | |
| 26 | Modal Intelektual (VAIC) | Value Added Intellectual Coefficient | \[ \text{\text{VAIC} = \text{VACA} + \text{VAHU} + \text{STV... | |
| 27 | Green Banking Disclosure | Dummy: 1 if disclosed, 0 otherwise | \[ \text{\text{GBD} = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{if green banki... | |
| 28 | Bank Environmental Performance | Dummy: 1 if reported, 0 otherwise | \[ \text{\text{BEP} = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{if environment... | |
| 29 | Green Finance | Dummy: 1 if distributed, 0 otherwise | \[ \text{\text{GF} = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{if green financ... | |
| 30 | Intensitas R&D | Intensitas R&D | \[ \frac{\text{Beban Riset dan Pengembangan}}{\text{Total Pe... | |
| 31 | Carbon Emission Disclosure | Carbon Emission Disclosure | \[ \text{Skor Pengungkapan Berdasarkan Indeks GRI} \]... | |
| 32 | Audit Fee | Audit Fee | \[ \text{Logaritma Natural (Ln) dari Total Biaya Profesional... | |
| 33 | Rasio Direktur Wanita | Rasio Direktur Wanita | \[ \frac{\text{Jumlah Direktur Wanita}}{\text{Total Anggota ... | |
| 34 | Skor CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) | Skor CSR | \[ \text{Jumlah Item CSR yang Diungkap} / \text{Total Item I... | |
| 35 | Kepemilikan Institusional | Kepemilikan Institusional | \[ \frac{\text{Saham yang Dimiliki Institusi}}{\text{Total S... | |
| 36 | Kepemilikan Asing | Kepemilikan Asing | \[ \frac{\text{Saham yang Dimiliki Asing}}{\text{Total Saham... | |
| 37 | Cash Holding Ratio | Cash Holding Ratio | \[ \frac{\text{Kas dan Setara Kas}}{\text{Total Aset (atau T... | |
| 38 | Dividend Payout Ratio | Dividend Payout Ratio | \[ \frac{\text{Total Dividen Tunai}}{\text{Laba Bersih}} \]... | |
| 39 | Rasio Arus Kas Operasi terhadap Hutang | Rasio Arus Kas Operasi terhadap Hutang | \[ \frac{\text{Arus Kas Operasi}}{\text{Total Utang}} \]... | |